Hitler's decision to invade Russia was the turning point of World War Two. Begun in June 1941, by the time it was over in December of that year, Operation Barbarossa involved the bloodiest fighting of World War Two, and indeed any war in history. Cataclysmic and horrific, it unleashed a barbarism almost unmatched in history, and all but guaranteed eventual German defeat. Compelling and comprehensively sweeping, this account of history's largest and most catastrophic military operation will become the standard.