Charles Longley was Archbishop of Canterbury in the mid-1860s, at a crucial period for the development of the Church of England and the Anglican Communion. He was centrally involved in a series of major controversies concerning theological radicalism, ritualism, and the identity of the established church. He also inaugurated the first Lambeth Conference in 1867, with far-reaching consequences for international Anglicanism. This is the first ever study of Archbishop Longley's career. The first half of the book examines the theological disputes which dominated his archiepiscopate. The second half offers selections with commentary from his sermons, tracts, speeches and letters, so that Longley's opinions can be heard at first hand.