Antonio Scalia is the Head of the Financial Risk Management Directorate at the Bank of Italy and a member of the ECB's Risk Management Committee. He earned the Laurea in Economics with honours from LUISS University in Rome, an M.Sc. in Economics from the LSE and a Ph.D. in Finance from the London Business School. He has published many articles on leading international economic and finance journals on issues including monetary policy implementation and bank regulation, the sovereign bond market, and the effectiveness of foreign exchange intervention.