The question of how human beings become virtuous-how they learn to desire what is noble, to reason well about what is just, and to live together in a harmonious political community-stands at the center of Plato's philosophical project. It is not an accidental theme, nor a peripheral concern that appears only in the Republic or the Laws. Rather, the problem of moral education, or paideia, permeates the entire Platonic corpus. It shapes the dramatic settings of the dialogues, the portraits of Socrates, the critiques of sophistic rhetoric, and the ambitious constructions of ideal political orders. To read Plato attentively is to encounter a thinker convinced that the fate of a city depends on the formation of its citizens' souls, and that the formation of souls depends on the quality of their education. This book explores its implications across Plato's political and ethical writings.